The Right 

Govt & opposition

Stalin

  Lenin

Castro

Peron

Mussolini 

Hitler

• Gen Sec of Party Controls Party and  govt after Lenins death

• Elimination of rivals in   power  struggle 

• Lenin´s secret police   continued:   OGPU=NKVD=KGB

• Strict control within 5   Yr Plans,  kulaks,    collectivisation, MTS   dependency, Gulags

• Purges: Great purge,  post WW2  purge,  Doctors Purge Cult of personality to   increase dominance

• Closure of Constituent  Assembly Jan 1918

• Bolsheviks dominate  Council of Peoples Commissars. Only    Mensheviks & Left SR´s tolerated. 

• Party leaders purged  from other parties after Terror following 1918 assass  attempt

• CHEKA set up

• War Communism placed strict control over peasants  especially  

• Trotsky’s military  discipline of Civil war  very strict

• Triumvirate         (Castro i/c)

• Old parties abolished

• TU’s directly controlled

• CDR´s

• Revolutionary courts

• Castro takes over Pres &  PM roles

• Matos jailed

• Foreign opp: US/nationalisation/Bay of  Pigs

• Control of lower house:  2/3 law
• Senate controlled by  election victory
• Winning coalition    replaced  by    Partido Peronista   controlled by Peron
• Control of organised  labour (Luis Gay, welfarism, CGT  control)
• Post 1948:Radicals imprisoned    
• post desacato laws     
• Tighter control by      corporations

• ’34 Enabling Act
• TU’s/strikes banned
• local police taken over
• political parties banned
• SA Night of Long  Knives
• ’34 army oath
• Gestapo
• Camps
• Opposition   limited 

Press:

Stalin

  Lenin

Castro

Peron

Mussolini 

Hitler

• Lenin´s press control continued.

• Cult of individual

•  
1917 Decree on Press banning all non Bolsh papers

• Press controlled by CP T Unions

• Limited (or none) contact with US

• La Prensa CGT
• Paper rationed
• Radios purchased by supporters
• desacato contempt laws

• Papers controlled
• Nazi’s to approve authors
• Jewish books banned
• radio under nazi control
• Goebbels i/c propaganda

Education & Youth:

Stalin

  Lenin

Castro

Peron

Mussolini 

Hitler

• Education strictly controlled

• Education for the needs of the state: science, engineering, intellectuals controlled: Lysenko 

• Social realism in Art.

•  
Religious schools closed

• Free ed for all

• More higher ed

• Youth education programmes

• Opposition schools closed
• University profs dismissed
• Corporations to control ed.

• Hitler youth
• school books changed
• lessons changed
• teachers dismissed
• Social realism in Art

Women:

Stalin

  Lenin

Castro

Peron

Mussolini 

Hitler

• Women encouraged to work

• Family discipline encouraged

• Equality programme

• Back to work/creches/

• shopping bag

• Legal equality/Family code

• Single parent support

• 1947 female suffrage

• E Peron: charisma and E Peron    Foundation win support

• Welfare Benefits

• 3K’s

• mother medals

• no total war

Legal System:

Stalin

  Lenin

Castro

Peron

Mussolini 

Hitler

• Legal system controlled through   appointment of judges.

• Show trials

• Castro appoints judges

• 1947 Supreme Court replaced

• Judges swear oath to Hitler

Church:

Stalin

  Lenin

Castro

Peron

Mussolini 

Hitler

• Lenin´s anti church policy continued

• Church removed from marriage and education

• Church schools nationalised

• Religious education legalised in schools, wins support initially. But RC become the crucial final source of opposition

• ’29 Lateran Treaty

• Papal concordat

• Jewish culture banned

• Church put under nazi control - limited resistance

Sports:

Stalin

  Lenin

Castro

Peron

Mussolini 

Hitler

• Focus on Olympic effort

• Olympic success

• ’36 Olympics to show off Aryans

Economy:

Stalin

  Lenin

Castro

Peron

Mussolini 

Hitler

• Self sufficiency for security

• 5Yr Plans=Strict central control of   industry & agriculture through   collectivisation

• Strict control of economy through war Communism

• NEP = relaxation, but heavy industry still   controlled from Moscow

Aims:

•  to break monoculture        

• to industrialise

• Economic Independence

• Nationalisation

• IAPI

• Control of labour

• public works: autobahns,

•  rearming, 

• autarky (self sufficiency)

See above re unions

Racial policy:

Stalin

  Lenin

Castro

Peron

Mussolini 

Hitler

• Deportation of minorities during and after WW2

• 1923 Constitution gives rights to different races

• Equality programme to assist blacks through education.

• Evidence of support for escaped Nazi’s

• Little support for racial discrimination. When done is to please Hitler. Little support in Italy & is halted

• Persecution of Jews and other racial minorities.

• Final Solution